Littattafai na Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer

Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer fitaccen mawaƙi ne, marubuci kuma mai ba da labari na Ƙaunar Ƙaunar Mutanen Espanya da Alamu. Kamar yawancin marubuta a cikin ƙarni, Bécquer ya sami babban karbuwa bayan mutuwarsa a 1870, bayan buga jerin ayyuka. Daga cikin lakabinsa, nasa Waƙoƙi y Legends, jerin kasidu da labaran da aka tattara a juzu'i.

Ko da yake Bécquer bai iya jin daɗin wannan babban karbuwa daga masu suka da jama'a ba a lokacin rayuwarsa, Abinda ya gada ya dawwama a tsawon lokaci, ya zama ɗaya daga cikin marubutan da suka fi dacewa na wallafe-wallafen Hispanic.. Abubuwa kamar na gabas da na ban mamaki, dabi'un ra'ayi, wahayi a cikin Balada da dandanon tsafi da tsafi.

Takaitaccen Tarihin Rayuwa

Samun farkon shekaru da karɓar surname Bécquer

Gustavo Adolfo Claudio Domínguez Bastida an haife shi a ranar 17 ga Fabrairu, 1836 a Madrid, Spain. Ya girma a cikin iyali wanda matsayinsu na zamantakewa da tattalin arziki ya ragu bayan sun rasa sarkar gidaje, don haka ba za su iya rayuwa ba tare da samun kudin shiga ba. Mahaifin Gustavo, wanda ya kasance mai zane-zane, ya ɗauki sunan mahaifinsa don sanya hannu a kan ayyukansa, wanda ya haifar da kyawawan abubuwan da ya faru a baya..

José Domínguez Insausti, kamar yadda ake kiran mai zane, ya zana zane-zane da hotuna na gargajiya, inda ya samu karbuwa sosai a wadannan shekarun. Wannan ya ba dangin Gustavo damar samun kyakkyawan yanayin tattalin arziki. Daga baya, a matsayin hanyar girmama mahaifinsa. Dukansu mawaƙin da ɗan'uwansa, Valeriano, sun ɗauki "Bécquer" a matsayin sunan mahaifi na farko lokacin sanya hannu kan ayyukansu.

Kasance a Makaranta kuma ku shiga cikin Adabi

Sa’ad da Gustavo yake ɗan shekara biyar, mahaifinsa ya rasu. A 1846, nan gaba marubuci shiga San Telmo Naval College. A can ya sadu da haruffa waɗanda za su yi alama a rayuwarsa da aikinsa, irin su Francisco Rodríguez Zapata ko babban abokinsa Narciso Campillo, wanda ya koya masa yin iyo da kuma rike takobi. Tare, sun binciko duniyar adabi da wuri, inda suka kirkiro wasan kwaikwayo Masu makirci.

Wannan "wasan kwaikwayo mai ban tsoro da rashin hankali" an yi shi har a lokacin bikin makaranta. Daga baya, abokai suka fara wani labari mai ban dariya mai suna Bujarron a cikin hamada. A cikin 1847, iyayensu sun kasance marayu, kuma ta hanyar Royal Order of Isabel II, Colegio de San Telmo ya rufe., don haka Bécquers dole ne su je gidan innarsu María Bastida.

Ilhamar adabi

A lokacin rashin mahaifiyarka, Gustavo ya kuma sami maraba a gidan uwarsa Manuela, wata mata da ta sami damar yin tafiya kuma tana da babban ɗakin karatu, inda mawaƙin ya fara karanta litattafai irin su Horace da Shakespeare. . da kuma masu zamani José Zorrilla, Víctor Hugo, Lord Byron, Walter Scott. A 1848 Gustavo ya shiga Makarantar Fine Arts.

A cikin 1853, Bécquer ya buga a cikin mujallu na Sevilian Aurora, El Porvenir y Al'arshi da mai martaba. A cikin 1859, a Madrid, ya kwatanta Seville a matsayin "Eden da ta ɓace" kuma ya yi magana game da shi a matsayin "Birnin da aka haife ni kuma na ci gaba da tunawa da shi sosai." A hakika, biyu daga cikinsa Legends An saita su a cikin wannan birni: Jagora Pérez ɗan kwaya y Siyar da Cats.

Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer ne ya buga littattafai

Waƙoƙi

• Tarihin temples na Spain (1857);
• Wasikun adabi ga mace (1860-1861);
• Haruffa daga ɗakina (1864);
• littafin sparrows (1869);
• Cikakken ayyuka (1871).

Legends

• Shugaba tare da jan hannuwa (1859);
• Komawar fada (1858);
• Gicciyen shaidan (1860);
• Gwanin gwal (1861);
• Dutsen rayuka (1861);
• Idanuwan koren (1861);
• Maese Perez, the organist (1861);
• Ku yi Imani da Allah (1862);
• Da wata (1862);
• The Miserere (1862);
• kwana uku (1862);
• Almasihu na kwanyar (1862);
• A gnome (1863);
• Kogon blackberry (1863);
• Alkawarin (1863);
• Farar barewa (1863);
• Kiss din (1863);
• Rose of Passion (1864);
• Ƙaddamarwa (1861);
• Yana da ban mamaki! (1861);
• Tufafin Emeralds (1862);
• Siyar da kyanwa (1862);
• Yi hakuri (1863);
• Zane daga rayuwa (1864);
• Jifa mai nauyi (1864);
• Memories na turkey (1865);
• busassun ganye (1865).

Mafi shaharar littattafai na Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer

Wasikun adabi ga mace (1860-1861)

En Wasikun adabi ga mace, Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer ya bayyana mafi kusanci da hangen nesa na fasaha, shayari da hankalin ɗan adam. Ta hanyar musanya na almara, marubucin yayi magana da wata mace mai manufa, wani gidan tarihi, wanda yake ƙoƙarin bayyana masa asiri da sihiri da ke kewaye da halittar adabi.

A cikin wannan saitin tunani, Bécquer yayi nazari akan ikon kalmomi masu motsa rai, alaƙa tsakanin fasaha da motsin rai, da kuma matsayin marubuci a matsayin mai shiga tsakani tsakanin kyawun duniya da ruhun ɗan adam. A lokaci guda, Haruffansa suna cikin ciki tare da wani hali na Romanticism., Ƙaunar wanda ba za a iya samu ba da kuma zurfin sha'awar kama madawwami a cikin ephemeral.

Gicciyen shaidan(1860)

En Gicciyen shaidan, Marubucin ya saƙa asiri, almara da ban tsoro a cikin labarin da ke nutsar da mai karatu cikin yanayi mai tada hankali na Romanticism.. Labarin ya fara ne lokacin da wani mai ba da labari, a lokacin da yake zaune a wani ƙaramin gari a cikin Pyrenees, ya ji mutanen ƙauyen suna magana game da wani abu la'ananne: tsohuwar giciye na ƙarfe wanda ke kiyaye sirrin duhu.

Ta hanyar ruwayar mutanen yankin, an gano wani labari mai ban tsoro da ke bayan giciye, wanda ke da alaƙa da azzalumi kuma azzalumi tsohon ubangidan, wanda muguntarsa ​​kamar ya tsira daga mutuwarsa. Tsakanin labarun fatalwowi, ƙulla yarjejeniya da adalci na Allah, Bécquer yana gina yanayi mai daɗi wanda zai kama mai karatu tarko, yana kai shi tambayar layin da ke tsakanin gaskiya da camfi..

Babu kayayyakin samu.

Dutsen rayuka (1861)

Saita a Soria, Labarin ya shafi Alonso da Beatriz, 'yan uwan ​​​​biyu suna ciyar da dare All Saints kusa da Monte de las Ánimas, wurin da aka lulluɓe cikin tatsuniyoyi na macabre game da ruhohin Templars na d ¯ a da manyan mutane waɗanda suka mutu a cikin yaƙe-yaƙe na jini.

A cikin jin daɗin Beatriz, Alonso ya shiga cikin tsaunuka don neman wani abu da ya ɓace, ya yi watsi da gargaɗi game da ruhohi masu yawo da ke yawo a wannan dare. Abin da ke biyo baya labari ne mai cike da tashin hankali, wanda laifi, kishi da son kai suna daukar wani matsayi mai tayar da hankali, yana haifar da sakamako mai ban tsoro kamar yadda yake da ban tsoro.