A ƙarshen shekarunsa saba'in, Leonardo Padura ya ba da sabon labari wanda ke kallon Cuba kai tsaye a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. A cikin "Morir en la arena," wanda Tusquets ya buga, marubucin Havana haifaffen ya ba da bincike na kud da kud da siyasa na ƙasar, wanda aka rubuta tare da natsuwar wani wanda yake jin yana ɗauke da shi. ya wuce fiye da na gaba.
Makon farawa shine parcide wanda ya faru a rayuwa ta ainihi wanda ke zama abin faɗakarwa don yin bitar rabin ƙarni na alkawura, soke-soke, da sauyi. Littafin ya bi diddigin yadda sha'awar kowane tsara ta kasance ƙarƙashin tsarin 'Sabon Mutum', taken da, bayan lokaci, ya zama rikici mai mahimmanci ga da yawa daga cikin jaruman ta.
Littafin novel da muryoyinsa
Padura ya tsara labarin a cikin mutum na farko ta hanyar shaidu da yawa waɗanda suka ba da fuska ga wannan gajiyar gamayya. Rodolfo Yana ɗauke da raunin yaƙin Angola, rauni wanda ke siffanta halin yanzu da shirunsa; labarinsa ya bayyana tabon rikicin da ya bar baya da kura ga dubban iyalai.
Nora ya buɗe mafi kusancin yanki na sha'awa: ta ƙaunaci surukinta kuma, daga nan, labarin yana ƙarfafa igiya tsakanin aminci da sha'awar, yayin da yanayin zamantakewa ya tsananta. Shafukan sa suna fallasa tsagewar cikin gida a lokacin da muhalli ya yi takaice a kan wasu tabbatattu kuma haramun sun yi yawa.
Raymond, marubuci mai son kai, ya ƙunshi ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙirƙira a cikin yanayin yanayin al'adu mai cike da iyaka. Muryarsa ta bayyana yadda za a iya sanya hangen nesa da lissafi a rubuce, har zuwa yanke shawara me aka ce da abin da aka yi shiru.
Eugenio Ya bayyana a matsayin mai laifi da aka sake shi daga gidan yari don fuskantar ciwon daji na pancreatic; Juyawarsa zuwa ƙarshe yana tambayar laifi, gafara, da mutunci. Ta hanyarsa, Padura foregrounds gajiya ta jiki da ta halin kirki daga cikin wadanda aka tura zuwa rata ba su zaba ba.
Ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da alhakin
Littafin yana yin tattaunawa tare da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya na gama gariMutanen Padura sun ji sun isa gaci, amma yashin da ke ƙarƙashin ƙafafunsu ya kasance mayaudari. A cikin wata hira da TVE, marubucin ya danganta wannan kwarewa da jin halin yanzu cewa mutane da yawa sun isa ritaya. matalauci fiye da kowane lokaci, bayan rayuwar kokari da rashi.
Rayuwar yau da kullun da aka kwatanta a cikin shafukan tana da tsauri: ci gaba da baƙar fata, tsadar kayan abinci a sama, da albashin da bai kai nisa ba. Mutane da yawa suna rayuwa godiya ga abin da ake kira FE (Family Abroad) shirin taimakon, tsarin rayuwa wanda, fiye da jin daɗi, yana fallasa ƙarancin kuɗin shiga gida.
A cikin wannan mahallin, littafin ya ba da shawarar wata mummunar dabi'a da ke da wuyar haɗiye: waɗanda suka yi imani sosai a cikin makoma mai haske sun yarda da cewa labarin da aka yi alkawarinsa na gurguzu bai tsaya ba kuma gaskiyar jari-hujja. Ya kasance ƙasa da caricature fiye da yadda aka gaya musuRashin jin daɗi, fiye da matsayi, yana bayyana azaman gajiyar bege.
Padura baya sanya kansa a matsayin alkali; ya raba nauyi da yana buƙatar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyaKallonsa, natsuwa da rashin damuwa, yana gayyatar mu mu ɗauki nauyin abin da muka samu kuma mu gane cewa, a wasu lokuta, yanke shawara na tarihi sun rushe tarihin rayuwa wanda kawai ya yi burin rayuwa mai kyau.
Halittar al'adu a Cuba
Daya daga cikin fitattun zaren littafin shine x-ray na filin al'adu. Ta hanyar Raymundo, rubutun ya nuna yadda sakaci ya zama cikin ciki har sai ya zama na yau da kullun: kafin rubutawa, marubucin ya riga ya ketare tunani. abin da zai iya zama mWannan tsarin yana yanayin harshe, kwatance da sautin.
Littafin don haka yana tattaunawa tare da fasahar ba da labari: rubutu ba kawai game da ba da labari ba ne, har ma game da yanke shawarar irin haɗarin da za a iya ɗauka. A cikin "Mutuwa a cikin Yashi" mutum yana jin bugun jini na wanda ya san hanyoyin kuma ya san cewa kowace kalma tana kewaya tsakanin hukunci, tsoro da nauyiTusquets yana gabatar da bugu wanda ya rungumi wannan polyphony, yana barin muryoyin su shaƙa da kuma saba wa juna ba tare da wa'azi ba.
A ƙarshe, halitta tana bayyana a matsayin mafaka da madubi: wurin tsara abin da aka rayu kuma, a lokaci guda, tunatarwa cewa wallafe-wallafen na iya ɗaukar abin da maganganun jama'a. ya gwammace kada a ambaci sunansa.
Angola a matsayin tabo
Rikicin Angola ya sake bayyana a matsayin kullin labari da kuma tunawa da ƙasar. Domin shekaru 14, a kusa 300.000 Cubans Sun shiga cikin wannan yaƙin, adadi wanda ke bayyana dagewar tunawa da shi a cikin iyalai da kuma cikin tattaunawar zamantakewa.
Padura ya fuskanci shi da kansa a matsayin ɗan jarida: bai je gaba a matsayin soja ba, amma ya rayu tare da inuwar makamai da tsoro a kullum. Shi da kansa ya ce akwai lokacin da ya kwana da bindigar Kalashnikov a gefensa, lamarin da ya bar tarihi da ba za a iya mantawa da shi ba kuma ya shiga cikin littafin. siffofin shiru, laifi da fushi.
Wannan yakin da ya gabata baya aiki a nan a matsayin koma baya amma a matsayin karfi mai ruguza halaye da kuskure. Yaƙin ya daidaita abokantaka, iyalai, da sana'o'i, kuma a cikin littafin ya bayyana yana da alaƙa da jin cewa an yi alƙawura da yawa a ƙarshe a cikin guda yashi inda mutum yayi mafarkin isowa.
A matsayin masana'anta na wallafe-wallafe da tarihin hankali, aikin Padura ya ɗaga a hoton lokaci wanda ke da alaƙa da sheda, daɗaɗɗen ɗabi'a, da nauyin yanke shawara na siyasa akan rayuwar gama gari. "Mutuwa a cikin Yashi" yana mai da hankali, tare da faffadan hangen nesa da rashin fahimta. makomar tsara wanda ya koyi hada ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, asara da alhakin.
